The United Republic of Tanzania in eastern Africa is bordered by the countries of Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Zambia, as well as the islands of Mafia, Zanzibar, and Pemba in the Indian Ocean. The mainland lies between the Great Lakes of Africa: Victoria, Tanganyika, and Nyasa. In the northern area of the country sits Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest point in Africa. The climate varies from tropical along the coast to temperate in the highlands. Natural resources include hydropower, natural gas, iron ore, tin, nickel, phosphates, coal, diamonds, gemstones, and gold.
Ninety-five percent of Tanzania’s population is of Bantu origin, representing more than 130 tribes; the other five percent are of Asian, European, Arabian, or other African heritage. Swahili is the country’s official language. English also is considered an official language and is used as the primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education. In addition, Arabic is widely spoken, especially in Zanzibar. |
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Tanzania
